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Tracker: Name, Image and Likeness Legislation by State

We are tracking NIL laws by state.

NIL Policies by Institution

NIL Marketplaces

Last updated: September 21, 2021

The map below tracks states where governors have signed NIL bills into law.

StateOfficial Bill NameStatusEffective Date
(if enacted)
AlabamaHB 404Signed into law7/1/2021
ArizonaSB 1296Signed into law7/23/2021
ArkansasHB 1671Signed into law1/1/2022
CaliforniaSB 206 and SB 26Signed into law9/1/2021 (moved up from 1/1/2023)
ColoradoSB 20-123Signed into law7/1/2021 (moved up from 1/1/2023)
ConnecticutHB 6402 Now recognized as a Public Act since 15 days have passed since the Senate approved it9/1/2021
FederalHR 1804“Student-Athlete Equity Act”; Introduced by Rep. Mark Walker (R-NC); Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means 03/14/19Taxable year beginning after bill is passed
FederalS 4004“Fairness in Collegiate Athletics Act”; Introduced by Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL); Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation as of 6/8/207/30/2021
FederalS 8382“Student Athlete Level Playing Field Act”; Introduced by Sen. Anthony Gonzalez (R-OH); Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Education and Labor as of 9/24/20N/A
FederalS 5003“Collegiate Athlete Compensation Rights Act”; Introduced by Sen. Roger Wicker (R-MS); Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation as of 12/10/20N/A
FederalHR 9033“College Athletes Bill of Rights”; Introduced by Rep. Janice Schakowsky (D-IL); Referred to the Committee on Education and Labor, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce as of 12/18/20N/A
FederalS 5062“College Athletes Bill of Rights”; Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary as of 12/17/20N/A
FederalS 414“Amateur Athletes Protection and Compensation Act of 2021”; Introduced by Sen. Jerry Moran (R-KS); Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation as of 2/24/21N/A
FederalS 238“College Athlete Economic Freedom Act”; Introduced by Sen. Christopher Murphy (D-CT); Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation as of 2/4/21N/A
FloridaSB 646Signed into law7/1/2021
GeorgiaHB 617Signed into law7/1/2021
Hawai’iSB 2673Bill introducedUpon approval
IllinoisSB 2338Signed into law7/1/2021
IowaSF 245Bill introduced7/1/2021
KansasHB 2264Passed House1/2/2022
KentuckyGovernor issued executive order 6/24/217/1/2021
LouisianaSB 60Signed into law7/1/2021
MarylandHB 125Signed into law7/1/2023
MassachusettsS 832Bill introduced1/1/2022
MichiganHB 5217Signed into law12/31/2022
MinnesotaHB 3329Bill introduced1/1/2023
MississippiSB2313Signed into law7/1/2021
MissouriHB 297Signed into law8/28/2021
MontanaSB 248Signed into law6/1/2023
NebraskaLB 962Signed into lawImmediately, but no later than 7/1/2023
NevadaAB 254Signed into law1/1/2022
New HampshireHB 1505Bill introducedN/A
New JerseyS 971Signed into law5th academic year after passage
New MexicoSB 94Signed into law7/1/2021
New YorkS5891CPassed Senate, waiting on Assembly vote as of 9/17/211/1/2022
North CarolinaEO 223Executive order signed into law by governor on 7/2/20217/2/2021
OhioSB 187Governor signed an executive order 6/28/21; also included in state budget (House Bill 110)7/1/2021
OklahomaHB 1994Signed into lawImmediately, but no later than July 1, 2023
OregonSB 5Signed into law7/1/2021
PennslyvaniaSB 381NIL language included in state budget proposal Immediately
Rhode IslandHB 5082Pending Senate Education Committee action as of 6/25/211/1/2021
South CarolinaSB 935Signed into law; Attorney General moved up start date from 7/1/22 to 7/1/217/1/2021
TennesseeHB 1351Signed into law1/1/2022
TexasSB 1385Signed into law7/1/2021
VermontS.328Bill introduced1/1/2023
VirginiaHB 7001Governor added NIL provision in budget proposal as of 8/3/21Immediately
WashingtonHB 1084Bill introduced1/1/2023
West VirginiaHB 2583Bill introducedN/A
WisconsinN/ANo bill proposed, but politicians say they are considering and drafting a billN/A

When do state name, image and likeness laws go into effect?

Immediately

  • Oklahoma (schools can grant rights immediately, but no later than July 1, 2023)
  • Nebraska (schools can grant rights immediately, but no later than July 1, 2023)
  • Pennsylvania

July 1, 2021

  • Alabama
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Mississippi
  • New Mexico
  • Texas
  • Kentucky
  • Ohio
  • Oregon
  • Illinois
  • Colorado
  • South Carolina

July 2, 2021

  • North Carolina

July 23, 2021

  • Arizona

August 28, 2021

  • Missouri

September 1, 2021

  • Connecticut
  • California

January 1, 2022

  • Arkansas
  • Tennessee
  • Nevada

December 31, 2022

  • Michigan

June 1, 2023

  • Montana

July 1, 2023

  • Maryland

2025

  • New Jersey (the law goes into effect the 5th academic year after passage)

Research support by: Jarrett Varsik, Madison Hiegel and Jeffrey Parry

Author

  • Kristi A. Dosh is the founder of BusinessofCollegeSports.com and has served as a sports business analyst and contributor for outlets such as Forbes, ESPN, SportsBusiness Journal, Bleacher Report, SB Nation and more. She is also the author of a book on the business of college football, Saturday Millionaires. Kristi is a sought-after consultant and speaker on topics related to the business of college sports and a former practicing attorney. Click to learn more

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